Method of operating- dampers us steam-heating apparatus



J. 1; SMITH.

Damper.

Patented Aug. 20, 1861.

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JOHN J. SMITH, OF ELIZABETH, NEWJERSEY.

METHOD OPERATING- DAMPERS IN STEAM-HEATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 33,107, dated August 20, 1861.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN J. SMITH, of Elizabeth, county of Union, in the State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Steam-I-Ieati11g Apparatus; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this application.

My invention relates to that class of heating apparatus in which the steam is passed through a coil of pipe or other conduits affording a radiating surface, around which a current of external air is fed and passed and which is conveyed, when heated by said radiating surface, to the apartment to be warmed; and my invention has for its object a novel and effective means of causing the supply of cold air to the radiator to be regulated in a perfect manner to suit the condition or requirements of the air heating apparatus.

It has been custom'ary previous to my invention to so construct that class of heaters to which my present invention relates, as that a damper, placed in the flue, or pipe, through which the cold air was supplied, should be automatically operated, by the pressure of steam, in the boiler supplying the radiator, in such manner that the supply of cold air should be varied in proportion to the variation in the heating agency of the radiator, or the pressure of the steam. This system, however, I do not consider so effective and desirable as that which I have invented, which consists in effecting an automatic operation of the damper, in the cold air supply pipe, through the medium of the expansion and contraction of a portion of, or tube connected directly to, the radiator itself; as will be fully explained hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1. is a side view and Fig. 2. a vertical longitudinal section of that part of the apparatus embracing my invention.

In the different views the same characters indicate the same parts of the apparatus.

A. is the pipe or fiue through which air is supplied to the radiator (in the direction indicated by the arrow.) In this supply pipe is placed the usual damper, or valve, g. the positions of which govern or determine the supply of cold air (in Fig. 1. this damper is shown as closed and in the same condition in black lines in Fig. 2. but as open in the latter figure, by the red lines).

One one side of the pipe or flue A. there is arranged a system of levers which form a connection between the damper g. and theradiator, or a tube 6. connected thereto, (as will be presently explained) by which system of levers the different conditions of the tube 6. are made to efiect different conditions in the damper g. as will be fully understood by the following description One end of the axis or pivot on which damper g. is hung protrudes through side of pipe A. as seen at l. and has fastened to it an arm f. the opposite extremity of this arm 7. being pivoted to one end of a link 6. the other end of which is pivoted to the long arm of lever d. Said lever cl. is hung on a stationary center on stud 2. and has its short arm pivoted to one end of a link 0. the other end of which link is pivoted to the long arm of the angle lever a. this angle lever a. is hung at 3. on a stationary center or stud, and has its short arm, or toe, in contact with the end or teat of tube 1). (as clearly illustrated) andsaid toe or short arm of lever 64. is always kept in such contact with said end of tube 6. by means of the spring 1'. which presses continually on the pin 0. of damper g. keeping said dam- "per closed, when not otherwise effected by an overpowering force.

The black and red lines at Fig. 2. show the different relative positions of all the parts just above alluded to effected by the motion of the end or teat of tube 5.

Now it will be understood that it is proposed to have the teat on portion Z) a part of the coil, or steam containing portion, of the radiating apparatus, or attached thereto; so that the expansion and contraction of said portion 5, (of the radiator) consequent to its varying conditions of temperature shall effect a motion in lever a, which. being imparted, through the system of levers, to the axis of damper g, shall cause said damper to be moved, and thus the supply of air through pipe A, or rather the capacity of said air supply pipe to be varied in proportion to the varying temperature of the radiator, or its capacity to heat different quantities of air.

The construction and operation of the above described apparatus will be fully comprehended by the explanation already given in connection with the drawings; but

it will be remembered that this apparatus,

or mechanism is only the mode adopted of carrying out my invention and does not constitute the invention itself, which rests in the idea of the supply of cold air to the heating surfaces, being always regulated, automatically, so as to be exactly adapted to the capacity of said heating surfaces, to raise the temperature of the admitted air to the requisite degree-and it will be observed that no matter what variations in the heating capacity of the surfaces occurs these very variations will always cause a corresponding variation in the amount of cold air imposed on said heating surfaces. It is obvious that many other mechanical arrangements of parts may be conceived and employed for conveying the motion (consequent to differing temperatures) in pipe 6, to the damper, 9, but such mechanical arrangements are all dilferent modes only of carrying out my invention.

I do not mean to confound my invention with an automatic regulation of the damper or valve in cold air supply pipe, irrespective of the source from which the efi'ect on the 7 damper arises; for as I have stated in the beginning it is not original with me, said damper having before been automatically operated from the varying pressure of the steam in the boiler; but I am not aware that the supply of cold air to the heating ssurfaces has ever been controlled by the condition of said heating surfaces.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is Governing the supply of cold air admitted to the steam heating surfaces by the temperature of the said steam heating surfaces,

40 substantially in the manner and for the pur- 7 

